{"technology":{"slug":"neuroscience","name":"Neuroscience","description":"Brain science and neural research. From neural circuits and connectomics to brain-computer interfaces, neuroplasticity, and neurodegenerative disease research.","discipline":"Neuroscience / Medicine","icon":"🧠"},"lastUpdated":"2026-07-21T05:56:10.229Z","articleCount":15,"articles":[{"id":"oa-W2104135721","title":"A robust and high-throughput Cre reporting and characterization system for the whole mouse brain","authors":"Linda Madisen, Theresa A. Zwingman, Susan M. Sunkin, Seung Wook Oh, Hatim A. Zariwala, Hong Gu, Lydia Ng, Richard D. Palmiter, Michael Hawrylycz, Allan R. Jones, Ed S. Lein, Hongkui Zeng","journal":"Nature Neuroscience","pubDate":"2009-12-20","doi":"10.1038/nn.2467","abstract":"","tldr":"","source":"OpenAlex","sourceUrl":"https://openalex.org/W2104135721","citationCount":7490,"isOpenAccess":true,"pdfUrl":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2840225"},{"id":"oa-W2970686316","title":"The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis","authors":"John F. Cryan, Kenneth J. O’Riordan, Caitlin S.M. Cowan, Kiran V. Sandhu, Thomaz F. S. Bastiaanssen, Marcus Boehme, Martin G. Codagnone, Sofia Cussotto, Christine Fülling, Anna V. Golubeva, Katherine E. Guzzetta, Minal Jaggar, Caitríona M. Long-Smith, Joshua M. Lyte, Jason Martin, Alicia Molinero-Perez, Gerard M. Moloney, Emanuela Morelli, Enrique Morillas, Rory O’Connor, Joana S. Cruz-Pereira, Veronica L. Peterson, Kieran Rea, Nathaniel L. Ritz, Eoin Sherwin, Simon Spichak, Emily M. Teichman, Marcel van de Wouw, Ana Paula Ventura‐Silva, Shauna E. Wallace-Fitzsimons, Niall P. Hyland, Gerard Clarke, Timothy G. Dinan","journal":"Physiological Reviews","pubDate":"2019-08-28","doi":"10.1152/physrev.00018.2018","abstract":"The importance of the gut-brain axis in maintaining homeostasis has long been appreciated. However, the past 15 yr have seen the emergence of the microbiota (the trillions of microorganisms within and on our bodies) as one of the key regulators of gut-brain function and has led to the appreciation of the importance of a distinct microbiota-gut-brain axis. This axis is gaining ever more traction in fields investigating the biological and physiological basis of psychiatric, neurodevelopmental, age-related, and neurodegenerative disorders. The microbiota and the brain communicate with each other via various routes including the immune system, tryptophan metabolism, the vagus nerve and the enteric nervous system, involving microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids, branched chain amino acids, and peptidoglycans. Many factors can influence microbiota composition in early life, including infection, mode of birth delivery, use of antibiotic medications, the nature of nutritional provision, environmental stressors, and host genetics. At the other extreme of life, microbial diversity diminishes with aging. Stress, in particular, can significantly impact the microbiota-gut-brain axis at all stages of life. Much recent work has implicated the gut microbiota in many conditions including autism, anxiety, obesity, schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. Animal models have been paramount in linking the regulation of fundamental neural processes, such as neurogenesis and myelination, to microbiome activation of microglia. Moreover, translational human studies are ongoing and will greatly enhance the field. Future studies will focus on understanding the mechanisms underlying the microbiota-gut-brain axis and attempt to elucidate microbial-based intervention and therapeutic strategies for neuropsychiatric disorders.","tldr":"","source":"OpenAlex","sourceUrl":"https://openalex.org/W2970686316","citationCount":4895,"isOpenAccess":true,"pdfUrl":"https://journals.physiology.org/doi/pdf/10.1152/physrev.00018.2018"},{"id":"oa-W2033617297","title":"Microglia Sculpt Postnatal Neural Circuits in an Activity and Complement-Dependent Manner","authors":"Dorothy P. Schafer, Emily K. Lehrman, Amanda G. Kautzman, Ryuta Koyama, Alan R. Mardinly, Ryo Yamasaki, Richard M. Ransohoff, Michael E. Greenberg, Ben A. Barres, Beth Stevens","journal":"Neuron","pubDate":"2012-05-01","doi":"10.1016/j.neuron.2012.03.026","abstract":"","tldr":"","source":"OpenAlex","sourceUrl":"https://openalex.org/W2033617297","citationCount":4134,"isOpenAccess":true,"pdfUrl":"http://www.cell.com/article/S0896627312003340/pdf"},{"id":"oa-W2128472904","title":"The Reward Circuit: Linking Primate Anatomy and Human Imaging","authors":"Suzanne N. Haber, Brian Knutson","journal":"Neuropsychopharmacology","pubDate":"2009-10-07","doi":"10.1038/npp.2009.129","abstract":"","tldr":"","source":"OpenAlex","sourceUrl":"https://openalex.org/W2128472904","citationCount":3761,"isOpenAccess":true,"pdfUrl":"https://www.nature.com/articles/npp2009129.pdf"},{"id":"oa-W2147502381","title":"The Synaptic Organization of the Brain","authors":"","journal":"Oxford University Press eBooks","pubDate":"2004-01-08","doi":"10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195159561.001.1","abstract":"Abstract Synapses are the contact sites that enable neurons to form connections between each other in order to transmit and process neural information. Synaptic organization is concerned with the principles by which neurons form circuits that mediate the specific functional operations of different brain regions. One of the aims of this book is to show that the study of synaptic organization—in its full multidisciplinary, multilevel, and theoretical dimension—is a powerful means of integrating brain information to give clear insights into the neural basis of behavior. This book, which has been revised in this the fifth edition, details local circuits in the different regions of the brain. The results of the mouse and human genome projects are incorporated. Also the book contains support from neuroscience databases. Among the new advances covered are 2-photon confocal laser microscopy of dendrites and dendritic spines, biochemical analyses, and dual patch and multielectrode recordings, applied together with an increasing range of behavioral and gene-targeting methods.","tldr":"","source":"OpenAlex","sourceUrl":"https://openalex.org/W2147502381","citationCount":3587,"isOpenAccess":false,"pdfUrl":""},{"id":"oa-W2752849906","title":"Deep learning with coherent nanophotonic circuits","authors":"Yichen Shen, Nicholas C. Harris, Scott A. Skirlo, Mihika Prabhu, Tom Baehr‐Jones, Michael Hochberg, Xin Sun, Shijie Zhao, Hugo Larochelle, Dirk Englund, Marin Soljačić","journal":"Nature Photonics","pubDate":"2017-06-12","doi":"10.1038/nphoton.2017.93","abstract":"","tldr":"","source":"OpenAlex","sourceUrl":"https://openalex.org/W2752849906","citationCount":3126,"isOpenAccess":true,"pdfUrl":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1610.02365"},{"id":"oa-W2144895779","title":"Towards a cognitive neuroscience of consciousness: basic evidence and a workspace framework","authors":"Stanislas Dehaene","journal":"Cognition","pubDate":"2001-04-01","doi":"10.1016/s0010-0277(00)00123-2","abstract":"","tldr":"","source":"OpenAlex","sourceUrl":"https://openalex.org/W2144895779","citationCount":2506,"isOpenAccess":false,"pdfUrl":""},{"id":"oa-W2586907386","title":"Neuroscience Needs Behavior: Correcting a Reductionist Bias","authors":"John W. Krakauer, Asif A. Ghazanfar, Àlex Gómez-Marín, Malcolm A. MacIver, David Poeppel","journal":"Neuron","pubDate":"2017-02-01","doi":"10.1016/j.neuron.2016.12.041","abstract":"","tldr":"","source":"OpenAlex","sourceUrl":"https://openalex.org/W2586907386","citationCount":1493,"isOpenAccess":true,"pdfUrl":"http://www.cell.com/article/S0896627316310406/pdf"},{"id":"oa-W2008398629","title":"Normal Development of Brain Circuits","authors":"Gregory Tau, Bradley S. Peterson","journal":"Neuropsychopharmacology","pubDate":"2009-09-30","doi":"10.1038/npp.2009.115","abstract":"","tldr":"","source":"OpenAlex","sourceUrl":"https://openalex.org/W2008398629","citationCount":1389,"isOpenAccess":true,"pdfUrl":"https://www.nature.com/articles/npp2009115.pdf"},{"id":"oa-W2974724557","title":"Electrical and synaptic integration of glioma into neural circuits","authors":"Humsa S. Venkatesh, Wade Morishita, Anna C. Geraghty, Dana Silverbush, Shawn Gillespie, Marlene Arzt, Lydia Tam, Cédric Espenel, Anitha Ponnuswami, Lijun Ni, Pamelyn J. Woo, Kathryn R. Taylor, Amit Agarwal, Aviv Regev, David Brang, Hannes Vogel, Shawn L. Hervey‐Jumper, Dwight E. Bergles, Mario L. Suvà, Robert C. Malenka, Michelle Monje","journal":"Nature","pubDate":"2019-09-18","doi":"10.1038/s41586-019-1563-y","abstract":"","tldr":"","source":"OpenAlex","sourceUrl":"https://openalex.org/W2974724557","citationCount":1342,"isOpenAccess":true,"pdfUrl":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7038898"},{"id":"oa-W2113773025","title":"Radical embodiment: neural dynamics and consciousness","authors":"Evan Thompson, Francisco J. Varela","journal":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","pubDate":"2001-10-01","doi":"10.1016/s1364-6613(00)01750-2","abstract":"","tldr":"","source":"OpenAlex","sourceUrl":"https://openalex.org/W2113773025","citationCount":1149,"isOpenAccess":false,"pdfUrl":""},{"id":"oa-W2147762902","title":"TrakEM2 Software for Neural Circuit Reconstruction","authors":"Albert Cardona, Stephan Saalfeld, Johannes Schindelin, Ignacio Arganda‐Carreras, Stephan Preibisch, Mark Longair, Pavel Tomančák, Volker Hartenstein, Rodney J. Douglas","journal":"PLoS ONE","pubDate":"2012-06-19","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0038011","abstract":"A key challenge in neuroscience is the expeditious reconstruction of neuronal circuits. For model systems such as Drosophila and C. elegans, the limiting step is no longer the acquisition of imagery but the extraction of the circuit from images. For this purpose, we designed a software application, TrakEM2, that addresses the systematic reconstruction of neuronal circuits from large electron microscopical and optical image volumes. We address the challenges of image volume composition from individual, deformed images; of the reconstruction of neuronal arbors and annotation of synapses with fast manual and semi-automatic methods; and the management of large collections of both images and annotations. The output is a neural circuit of 3d arbors and synapses, encoded in NeuroML and other formats, ready for analysis.","tldr":"","source":"OpenAlex","sourceUrl":"https://openalex.org/W2147762902","citationCount":1129,"isOpenAccess":true,"pdfUrl":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0038011&type=printable"},{"id":"oa-W2139570025","title":"Emotion and the motivational brain","authors":"Peter J. Lang, Margaret M. Bradley","journal":"Biological Psychology","pubDate":"2009-10-31","doi":"10.1016/j.biopsycho.2009.10.007","abstract":"","tldr":"","source":"OpenAlex","sourceUrl":"https://openalex.org/W2139570025","citationCount":1004,"isOpenAccess":true,"pdfUrl":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3612949"},{"id":"oa-W2036299899","title":"The cognitive neuroscience of creativity","authors":"Arne Dietrich","journal":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","pubDate":"2004-12-01","doi":"10.3758/bf03196731","abstract":"","tldr":"","source":"OpenAlex","sourceUrl":"https://openalex.org/W2036299899","citationCount":834,"isOpenAccess":true,"pdfUrl":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.3758/BF03196731.pdf"},{"id":"oa-W2115859705","title":"Optogenetic interrogation of neural circuits: technology for probing mammalian brain structures","authors":"Feng Zhang, Viviana Gradinaru, Antoine Adamantidis, Rémy Durand, Raag D. Airan, Luı́s de Lecea, Karl Deisseroth","journal":"Nature Protocols","pubDate":"2010-02-18","doi":"10.1038/nprot.2009.226","abstract":"","tldr":"","source":"OpenAlex","sourceUrl":"https://openalex.org/W2115859705","citationCount":700,"isOpenAccess":true,"pdfUrl":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4503465"}],"links":{"web":"https://science-database.com/technology/neuroscience","llms_txt":"https://science-database.com/technology/neuroscience/llms.txt","api":"https://science-database.com/api/v1/technology/neuroscience"}}